Pulverizing machine



PULVERIZING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l gwwnlfo'a SAHN lf. Lon/E attouwqa Dec. 2, 1924. 1,517,564

7 S. K. LOWE PULVERIZING MACHINE Filed Dec. 15, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 2, 1924. r UNITED STATES SAHN K. Lows, or SAN rnAivol'soo, CALIFORNIA.

runvnn zme MAofiIivE.

Application filed December 15, 1923. Seria1"No. 680,974;

To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that L' SAHN K. Lows, a citizen of the United States. and a resident of San; Francisco, county of San "Francisco, State of California, have invented a new and useful Pulverizing Machine, of which the following is a specification. v v

This invention relates to machines as used for pulverizing various materials and particularly to such machines as are adapted to pulverize fibrous materials which cannot be reduced to the necessary fineness by attrition or ordinary grinding but require j'definitc cutting as well. I The particular objects of my invention. are

to produce a'sl mplestructure which will receive the raw material and discharge it as an impalpable powder without requiring any intermediate or subsequent grindings, and a device wherein the feed can easily be regulated from the outside; and which will permit of quick and easyinterchange of siz ing elements so that'the size ofthe finished particles may be varied with certainty, a

device .providinga plurality of shearing edges associated with attritionisurfaces so as to effectually handle fibrous materials,

1 them against ingress of reduced material or 1; and Figure tral feed cup and associated feed regulaagainst contamination of the product oil, abalanced rotary deviceconsuming a, low percentage of 'energy,an assemblage 7 providing for easy resharpening or changing of the cutting elements,and one which iseasily disassembled for general cleaning and overhauling. J a p I I I attain the objects enumerated together with otherconstructional advantages in the arrangement ofrelemen'ts shown in. the accompanying drawings and in which:

Figure 1 is a viewin elevation of the apparatus partly in section and with portionsbroken away revealing the interior; Figure 2 is a plan section of a portion of theap-. paratus taken along the line 2 '2"of Figure 3 is an elevation of the cenblade. Figure 4 shows; enlargedythe cutter and groove relation. 3 In the drawings, (1 represents astationarv round base memberl supportedon legs (2) and provided with a central vertical bearing'hub (3). I T f f The base member has an upwardlyextending'fiange (4:)

' tion" device asfseen from the line 3'3' of I Figure 1, and it also'shows the chopping having a series of. openings (5) formed in itgand supports on its, upper edge a concentricicylindrical portion.'(6) held in place preferablyby means of bayonetlocking pins (7).

On top of the cylindrical 'portion"(6) isa similar section (-8)" similarly held by the locks (9) and abovesection .(8) is 'alid (10) having a handle (11) and air vents (12). At the lower 'edge'of section (8) issecured a funnel shaped bottom. ('13) terminating in a central feeding cup (14).the arrangement "being such that the section (8). being filled-with material to betreated'will deliver it e er thee-funnelbottom to the feeding cup. Below the cup is arevolvingbowl (15) supported ona thrust bearingor washer (16) resting on the'upper end of hub "(3) and secured to a vertical shaft (.17) revolvable inthe hub 3) and to which shaft power may be applied by any suitable means not shown. Above the center of thebowl' is a 'revolvable feeding block (18) being formed with "alower flange (19) with a depending stem (20') threaded into the upper end of the shaft. the shaft for the purpose of forcingmaterial from the feeding cup (14) against a chopping blade (21) fixed on the cup and having its edge directed through aslot (22) The block (18). is revolved by I and adjacentthe inner circumference "of'the cup as shown best in Figure 2. I

While the drawing shows but one cutter and onerevolvi g block. it is apparent that any numbermay be used.

The bowl 15) hasarms anv upwardly slanted edge (15 "supporting a grooved steel ring (23) su1tably secured to it for combined rotation, and under the arms is a circular disk or pan (24) secured to the bowl and havinga plurality of short vanes 25) spaced around its outer edge andsuitably fastened to the disk and to the upper flange (15) of the bowl; v e

The object of the vanes is to cause a current of air and materialto be thrown outwardly upon the revolution of the bowl (15') connecting the shaft causes a so that the finished material will all be drawn toward and forced out of a common outlet (26) which preferably communicates with a slot extending some distance about the circumference of the base member (4).

Above the bowl is supported a disk shaped screen frame (27). This screen frame rests lightly on the bowl along. its outer edge and at its center engages an eccentric hub (28) formed on the upper end of-the shaft.

The screen is stopped from revolving by an arm or arms (29)..extend ing from the stationary section (6) of the apparatus and engaging an edge of a lug (30) turned upward on the rim of the screen frame, and whereby the eccentric hubis revolving with gyratory or oscillating vibration to the screen, which, together with disks 32 the outward air currents causes a constant outward'flow of particles delivered to the screen from the chopping blade (21).

The material passes over the outer edge of the screen to the slanted edge (15) of the bowl where by centrifugal force it 'is thrown into the groove (31) of the ring (23). Revolving 'in engagement with the groove of the ring are grinding and cutting revolvably supported on arms (33) hinged at (34) to the member (6) and spring actuated as indicated at (35) to keep the disks in constant yielding pressure contact with the ring. v

These.cutter disks have tapered edges to I match the tapered groove as shown and are furtherprovided with annular grooves (36) to cooperate with a similar series of grooves (37) in the upper side of the groove 05 the ring to form a series of shearing e es. s a

The lower edge of the cutters also has a. shearing action against the lower edge of the groove, and the tapered form of the cutters and groove; on account of the larger diameter of the latter; form rotary wedging attrition surfaces between which the material. is rubbed out, as it were, into animpalpable powder. 7

On top of the ring (23) is a light sealing flange (38) to close the space between the outer edge of the bowlv and the member (4), the sealing flange resting lightly upon the upper edge of the latter member.

Fitted within the member. (4) is a very fine collar shaped screen ring (39) to provideaddifional means for the escape of the air-through-the .frame openings (5) yet prevent the passage of powdered material.

' n operation the ground material accumulates in the groove of the ring and also on the upper surface 'ofthe sealing flange (38) and is removed by suitable scrapers secured to the member (6) and bearingagainst the groove and flange as" indicated at (40).

The scrapers are formed toreturn the ma terial centrally of the machine for ropes fitting cover plate (46) and above that rivet (49),

a stem passing by the oiling spring the inner edge of the recess of the cutter and the cones as shown and the cones after proper adjustment are locked against movement by clamping both to the arm with the nut.

Over the recess in the cutters is a tightly a felt washer (47). It will thus be seen that once the cutters are adjusted and oiled they re- Inain in adjusted condition, cannot be clogged by powdered material nor contaminate the same with oil.

The arrangement of the cutters on the,

hinged arms in relation to the ring is shown in Figure 2 and this figure also shows'the Setting of the chopping blade (21) in relation to the cup (14) and the revolvable feeding block (18). 7 7

Figure 3 shows the cup in elevation and with a sliding plate (48) fitting the groove in theoc'elp in, front of the knife edge for adjust'ably exposing any desired length of edge jffor cutting the raw material. The plate (48) "has a slotted flange lying against the. cup and slidably secured thereto by a and is raised or lowered by a screw (50) (here shown broker off) passmg throitligh a ing "on the ,plate. j H The a justment of the plate accomplished from the outside of the apparatus while in motion if desired. Fi ure 1 shows the manner of adjusting the side, the screw (50) has bearing in a lug (52 at the juncture of'the funnel and cup an has a bevel gear (53) secured to its cured to a shaft apparatus withja end for turning it. i

By the arrangement just described it will be evident that the slide can be worked to expose anyamount of the edge of the choppin blade or none at all, and thereby positive y. controlling the feed of particles cut from the raw material and fed to the reducing and'sizing elements described.

l'Having thus described my improved pulverizerit will be seen to effect the objects outlinedfand while I, show specific features in order to attain these objects it is understood that any such modifications as come within the spirit of my invention are intend- 55,) passing out of the evice (56) on the outer Iela'nn:

1. In a pulverizing machine, a horizontally revolvable disk, means for feeding material to the center of the disk, openings through the disk and a screen over the openings, means at the central portion of the disk for cutting the material andfor passing it outwardly across the screen, means beyond the screen for further cutting and grinding of the material and means for returning it to the same screen for a repetition of the treatment.

2. In a pulverizing machine, a horizontally revolvable disk, means for feeding material to the center of the disk, openings through the disk and a screen over the openings, means at the central portion of the disk for cutting the material and for passing it outwardly. acrossthe screen, means beyond the screen for further cutting and grinding of the material, means for returning it to the same screen for a repetition of the treatment, and means revolvable with the disk for conveying the screened material peripherally to an outlet from the machine.

3. In a pulverizinghsichine of the class described, reducing element-s comprising a circular revolvingbody with a tapered groove therearound and a circular cutter having a blade adapted to inesh with said groovesupported to' revolve in yielding contact with the groove; 4. Ina pulverizing machine of the class described, reducing elements comprising a circular revolving body with a tapered groove therearound and a circular cutter having a blade adapted to mesh with vs'aid groove, a hinged arm supporting the cutter to revolve in mesh with the groove, and means for resiliently acting against the arm for holding the cutter against the revolving body.

5. In a pulverizer of the character de-' scribed, a horizontally revolvable disk for receiving the material centrally-and throwing it outwardly, openings through the disk and a screen thereover, a spaced pan under and secured. to the disk, and vanes between the pan and the disk for causing an air current through the screen upon the revolution of the d1Sk.' j

6. In a pulverizer of the character described, a horizontally revolvable bowl shaped disk for receiving the material centrally and throwing it outwardly, openings through the disk and a screen thereover, a

space vanes between the pan and the disk for causing an air current through the screen upon the revolution of the disk, a ring secured to the edge of the bowl shaped disk and having a groove around its inner edge, a plurality of revolvable reducing elements mounted in engagement with the groove for reducing the outwardly thrown material,

pan under and secured to the, disk,

and. means for removing adhering material from the ring and dropping it on the screen. 7. A pulverizer of the character described comprising a cylindrical "receptacle, a revolvin-g disk within and spaced from the bottom thereof, a screen on the disk, means for feeding material to the center of the disk, means atthe central portion of the disk for cutting thematerial and feeding it to the screen, openings in the disk below the screen, and means for creating an air current downward through the screen.

8. A pulverizer of the character described comprismg a cylindrical receptacle, a revolving disk within and spaced from the bottom thereof, a screen on the disk, means for feeding material to the center of the disk, means at the central portion of the disk for cutting the material and feeding it to the screen, and vanes on the under side of the disk for creating an air circulation through the screen upon revolving the disk.

9. Ina pulverizer of the character de scribed, a horizontally arranged perforated revolvable'fdisk for feeding centrally deposited material outwardly, a screen over said disk held against rotation, and means actuated upon revolving the disk for shaking said screen. 7 g Y 10. Ina pulverizer'of the character described a horizontally revolvable disk," a feedingcup held centrally above the disk,

a slot through the side of the cup, a cutter secured to the cup projecting inwardly through the slot, means on the disk within the cup for forcing material over the cutting edge of the cutter, and means for vary ing the length of the slot for controlling the cup for forcing material over the cutting edge of the cutter, and means for varying the length of the slot for controlling the exposed cutting edge of the cutter, said latter means comprising a sliding block in the slot operated by a handle accessible from without the pulverizer.

12. In a pulverizer of the character described, a plurality of removably interlocked cylindrical sections including an upper vented section and a lower, supporting section, a hopper bottom within one section for depositing material centrally downward, a revolvable disk under the hopper 'section for receiving the material centrally, successive reducing'elements, respectively, at the hopper and at the edge of the disk, a shaker screen. through which the reduced material passes, means for shaking the screen, means for creating an an car rent to aid the flow of material,and a discharge for screened material at the edge of the lower section.

13. In a machine of the character de scribed, a revolvable cutter comprisinga recessed shell having an inner ball race therearound, a pair of cones within the shell and a row of balls in the race around the edges an inner ball race therearound, a pair of cones within the recess and a row of balls in-the race around the edges ofthe cones,

one of the cones having a central opening and the other a stem extending through the opening for clamping to a support, and a dust cover surrounding the stem over the .re-

cess. Y

15. In a pulverizer of the character described, a revolvable member'having an internal tapered groove, and a similarly tapered revolvable disk seated in thegroove, the tapered sides-of the groove and cutter being similarly stepped or grooved to form cooperating concentric shearing edges.

16. In a pulverizing machine, a central feeding cup for the raw material, means adjacent the cup for reducing the material from the cup and discharging it therefrom, means for moving the material outwardly feeding cup for the raw material, means and jacent the cup for reducing the material from the cup and discharging it therefrom, means for moving the material outwardly from the cup, and means around the cup for further reducing the material, said means comprising a revolvable ring with a groove therein, and a revolvable cutter meshing with the groove.

19. In a pulverizing machine, a central feeding cup for the raw material, means adjacent the cup for reducing the material from the cup and discharging it therefrom, means for moving the material outwardly from the cup, and means around the cup for further reducing the material, said means comprising a revolvable ring with a taper groove therein and a plurality of revolvable cutters having tapered edges meshing with the groove.

SAHN K. LOWE. 

